- Participants include injured or ill patients needing surgery or critical care, and healthy volunteers with no severe conditions.
- Participants must understand and agree to the study or have someone consent for them if they can't.
- Doctors will exclude participants if it’s unsafe for them, like if they have anemia or blood clotting problems.
Patients will be recruited from specific hospitals, such as Grady Memorial Hospital, Emory University Hospital, and Duke University Health Systems. The study will ensure participants' safety by excluding those with conditions that might make participation risky.