This study is testing a new medicine called AZD0780. It's a pill for people with a history of heart problems, known as ASCVD (Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease), or those at high risk of having heart issues. ASCVD includes things like heart attacks or strokes caused by blocked blood vessels. The study wants to see if AZD0780 can reduce the chance of having more serious heart problems, compared to a placebo, which is a pill that doesn't have any medicine in it. All participants will be randomly given either AZD0780 or the placebo. The study will last until a specific date, called the Primary Analysis Censoring Date (PACD), and there will be a final visit after that.

• The study involves taking either AZD0780 or a placebo pill.
• Participants need to maintain their usual cholesterol-lowering treatments, like statins.
• People with certain conditions, like severe kidney disease or uncontrolled diabetes, cannot join.